S'abstenir is a french third group verb. So, this verb is irregular and do not follow a regular conjugation pattern like first or second group verbs. Follow this link to see all the endings of the conjugation of most of the third group verbs :
conjugation rules and endings for the second group verbs.
Verbs derived from
tenir and
venir form a major group of verbs who gains a
d in the future and conditional. These verbs are the only verb to have a nasal vowel in the past historic and imperfect subjunctive.
The verb
s'abstenir is a reflexive verb which is always reflexive. So it is always conjugated with a reflexive pronoun. Here is the list of the french reflexive pronouns:
« me »,
« te »,
« se »,
« nous »,
« vous »,
« se ».
S'abstenir is conjugated in interro-negative form. The interro-negative form being obtained by inversion of the subject, the placement of the negative adverb follow the same rules as in negative form, giving the following rules:
- in interro-negative form, the adverb
« ne » is always placed first if the subject is a pronoun.
- in simple tenses, the adverbs (
« ne ...pas »,
« ne...plus »,
« ne...jamais », etc...) surround the verb
s'abstenir and the inverted subject pronoun.
- in compound tenses or in passive voice, the negative adverbs surround the auxiliary and the inverted subject pronoun.
- With a reflexive verb, in simple tenses, the negative adverbs surround the reflexive pronoun, the verb, and the inverted subject pronoun.
- With a reflexive verb, in compound tenses, the negative adverbs surround the reflexive pronoun, the auxiliary, and the inverted subject pronoun.
For sound reasons, like in interrogative form, an euphonious
« t » is added to the pronoun of the third person:
« il »,
« elle »,
« on »,
« ils »,
« elles » except when the verb ends with
« t » or
« d »:
« ne s'abstiendra-t-il pas ? »,
« ne se sera-t-il pas abstenu ? ».
Finally, the interrogative form does not exist in subjunctive and imperative.
