Surnager is a french first group verb. So it follow the regular conjugation pattern of the first group like:
aimer.
Follow this link to see all the endings of the conjugation of the first group verbs :
conjugation rules and endings for the first group verbs.
However, although the terminations are perfectly regular, stem can be irregular and have numerous variations.
Surnager is conjugated the same way that verbs that end in :
-ger.
For sound purpose, verbs ending in
-ger add the letter
« e » after the stem letter
« g » with endings in
« -a » or
« -o ». Example:
« nous mangeons »,
« il mangeait ». For sound purpose again, verbes ending in
-éger turn the
« é » in
« è » before silent endings.
Surnager is conjugated in interro-negative form. The interro-negative form being obtained by inversion of the subject, the placement of the negative adverb follow the same rules as in negative form, giving the following rules:
- in interro-negative form, the adverb
« ne » is always placed first if the subject is a pronoun.
- in simple tenses, the adverbs (
« ne ...pas »,
« ne...plus »,
« ne...jamais », etc...) surround the verb
surnager and the inverted subject pronoun.
- in compound tenses or in passive voice, the negative adverbs surround the auxiliary and the inverted subject pronoun.
For sound reasons, like in interrogative form, an euphonious
« t » is added to the pronoun of the third person:
« il »,
« elle »,
« on »,
« ils »,
« elles » except when the verb ends with
« t » or
« d »:
« ne surnage-t-il pas ? »,
« ne surnagea-t-il pas ? »,
« ne surnagera-t-il pas ? »,
« n'a-t-il pas surnagé ? »,
« n'aura-t-il pas surnagé ? ».
Always in interro-negative form, and always for sound reasons, an accent appears in first person present indicative tense when the verb ends with
« e ». An euphonious
« e » is replaced by
« é »:
« ne surnagé-je pas ? ».
Finally, the interrogative form does not exist in subjunctive and imperative.
